Whittington's Longhouse (or Whittington's Longhouse and Almshouse) was a public toilet in Cheapside, London, constructed with money given or bequeathed by Richard Whittington, Lord Mayor of London. The toilet had 128 seats: 64 for men and 64 for women. It operated from around 1 May 1421, until the seventeenth century.
The Longhouse, though it was not London's first public toilet, was the first public toilet in the capital divided by gender.
The Longhouse, and the similarly financed almshouse for five or six parishioners constructed above it, was built by the parish of St Martin Vintry, on a long dock over the Thames. It was on Walbrook Street, at the time an actual brook, approximately where the modern Bell Wharf Lane is, and was "flushed by the Thames". The waste was deposited in a gully which was washed by the tides twice a day - the Thames being tidal there.
Rexroth in his 2007 book, Deviance and Power in Late Medieval London argues that with the construction of the almshouse above the privies: "pauperes were assigned new households" where shame had been banished (due to the gender segregation). By the seventeenth century the almshouse was being let on a commercial basis, possibly even as warehousing.
The Longhouse was destroyed in the Great Fire of London and rebuilt on a more modest scale. The new building had six male and six female seats, and, apart from a period where the lessees kept it locked, continued in use until at least 1851, as it is mentioned in an 80-year lease that commenced that year. In a 1935 lease, however, no mention is made, and it is assumed the facilities were by that time closed. After World War Two, the site was rebuilt in 1953 as part of "Redevelopment unit number 10". There is, however, as of 2015, a Bell Wharf Lane public toilet.
The Longhouse and the other gifts to London, notably improvements to the water supply and a more substantial almshouse as well as schools and hospitals, are credited with raising the profile of Dick Whittington among Londoners, and for leading to the legends that surround his name. Longhouse became a byword for privy, presumably derived from Whittington's Longhouse.
Video Whittington's Longhouse
References
Maps Whittington's Longhouse
Further reading
- P. E. Jones Whittington's Longhouse, London Topographical Record, Volume 23, 1972. Pages 27-34.
- Ernest L. Sabine (July 1934). "Latrines and Cesspools of Medieval London". Speculum. The Medieval Academy of America. 9 (3): 307-9. doi:10.2307/2853898.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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