Kolob is the star or planet described in the Mormon scriptures. The reference to Kolob is found in the Book of Abraham, a work traditionally held by Mormons as translated from the Egyptian papyri scroll by Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter-day Saint movement. According to this work, Kolob is the heavenly body that is closest to the throne of God. While the Book of Abraham refers to Kolob as "star", it also refers to the planet as the "star", and therefore, some Mormon commentators regard Kolob as a planet. The body also appears in Mormon culture, including a reference to Kolob in the LDS hymn.
Video Kolob
Doctrine and exegesis
Description in the Book of Abraham
The first reference published for Kolob is found in the Book of Abraham, first published in 1842 in Times and Seasons and now included in the Pearl of Great Price as part of the Mormonism canon. The book of Abraham was dictated in 1836 by Smith after he bought a set of Egyptian scrolls that accompanied the mummy exhibit. According to Smith, the scroll depicts the vision of Abraham, in which Abraham:
see the stars, that they are great, and that one of them is nearest to the throne of God;... and the great name is Kolob, for it is near to me, for I am the LORD your God: I have appointed this one to govern all those that are in the same order as above which you are standing.
In the explanation of the Egyptian hypocephalus which was part of Joseph Smith Papyri, Smith interprets a set of hieroglyphs as representing:
Kolob, signifying the first creation, closest to heaven, or the dwelling place of God. First in government, the latter relates to time measurement. Measurements by celestial time, which is the celestial time signifies a day for a cubit. One day in Kolob is a thousand years according to the size of the Earth, called by the Egyptians Jah-oh-eh.
The Book of Abraham describes the hierarchy of celestial bodies, including the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun, each with different movements and time sizes, where at the peak, the slowest rotating body is Kolob, where one colob-day corresponds to 1000 years Earth. This is similar to Psalm 90: 4 which says that "For a thousand years in the vision [God] is just like yesterday when the past" and 2 Peter 3: 8 which says, "one day is with God as a thousand years". In addition, similar information about Kolob is found in the Kirtland Egyptian Papers, which compiled the manuscripts in Smith's handwriting and its authors.
Mormon exposition and speculation
According to traditional interpretations, the literal Mormon of the Book of Abraham, Kolob is the real star or planet in this universe, or near, the physical throne of God. According to Smith, this star was discovered by Methuselah and Abraham by looking through Urim and Thummim, a set of seers tied to a pair of glasses. The leader and historian of the LDS Church BH Roberts (1857-1933) interprets Smith's statement which means that our solar system and that of the "planets" (the Sun) revolves around a star known as Kae-e-vanrash, which in itself revolves around the sun itself the system around a star called Kli-flos-is-es or Hah-ko-kau-beam, which itself revolves around Kolob, which is characterized as "the great center of the universe part of our planetary system." Roberts believes that the hierarchy of stars orbiting other stars will be confirmed by astronomers.
Kolob's literal interpretation as a true star or planet has a significant formative impact on Mormon beliefs and criticism, leading to such conceptions that the creation of the Bible is a creation of the local Earth, the solar system, or the galaxy, rather than the whole known being. reality.
Stars or planets?
The book of Abraham is not clear about Kolob being a star or a planet, and Mormon writings have taken positions on both sides of the matter. One passage from the Book of Abraham states that Abraham "saw the stars... and that one of them is the one closest to the throne of God;... and the great name is Kolob." Thus, Kolob is called a "star". However, this book defines the word "Kokaubeam" (transliteration from Hebrew "?????????" "[cf, Gen. 15: 5]) as meaning" all the great lights, which are on the firmament of heaven ". This will appear to incorporate the planets as one of the "stars", and the Book of Abraham refers to the Earth as a star.In addition, the text of Abraham's book appears to classify Kolob as one of the "planetary hierarchies." On the other hand, in the Egyptian alphabet and Grammar paper, Kolob is classified as one of twelve "fixed stars", in contrast to fifteen "moving planets." The term "fixed star" generally refers to the background of heavenly bodies that seem to be immobile relative to each other in the night sky, generally including all the stars other than the sun, nebulae, and objects like other stars.Although "fixed", such objects proved to have the right motion by Edmund Halley in 1718. Apparently referring to the proper movement, S mith says that Kolob moves "faster than the rest of the twelve fixed stars". Also, Abraham's book refers to "fixed planets", thus including planets in the set of heavenly bodies that may be "repaired". He also refers to the sun as the "governing planet", which further complicates the terminology. Thus, from the various Smith terminology used in Kolob references and other astronomical objects, it is not clear whether he understands Kolob as a planet or a star.
The writer in the Latter-day Saint movement has taken a position on either side of the matter whether Kolob is a star or a planet. Brigham Young, the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), speaks of Kolob as a planet. Likewise, LDS Church leaders, John Taylor, Orson Pratt (a mathematician with an interest in astronomy), Orson F. Whitney, and Alvin R. Dyer called Kolob a planet. Other Mormon theologians have also seen Kolob as a planet. Several other Mormon writers refer to Kolob as a star, including B. H. Roberts and LDS Church President David O. McKay.
Place of Birth to Earth
According to some Mormon authors (such as W. Cleon Skousen in his book The First 2000 Years), Earth was created near Kolob for 6000 years, and then moved into the present position in the solar system. This hypothesis is based on an oral comment attributed to Smith. This hypothesis is also based on a passage from the Book of Abraham which states that in the Garden of Eden, time is measured "after the time of the Lord, which after the days of Kolob, for as yet God does not refer to Adam hisab." According to the hypothesis, the reason that Earth's time is measured in Kolob's time is because the Earth is physically located near Kolob. As a result, some Mormon authors argue that at the end of time, Earth will be plucked from the solar system and returned to its original orbit near Kolob.
By using traditional creationist reasoning, the apostle of the LDS Church, Bruce R. McConkie came to a different conclusion, arguing that during the first "day" of creation (not necessarily the 1000 year "day" of the Kolobs, with "days" referring to the phase of creation ), The Earth is formed and placed in orbit around the Sun.
The idea that the Earth formed elsewhere and then migrate into orbit around the Sun is different from the scientific explanation of Earth formations. According to scientific consensus, the Earth was formed in orbit around the Sun about 4.5 billion years ago by the increase of the protoplanet disk, and remained close to its original orbit to date.
A speculative astronomy
Some Mormon writers have tried to put Kolob in modern astronomy. Skousen speculates that Kolob is a star in Galactic Center, Sagittarius A *, from our own Galaxy. This view also has the support of some former LDS Church general authorities, including J. Reuben Clark and George Reynolds (along with Janne M. SjÃÆ'¶dahl). In the mid-19th century, early attempts to find a "solar center" in the galaxy caused failure.
Other Mormon writers have hypothesized that Kolob is outside the Milky Way Galaxy in a place called the "metagalactic center", and that this galaxy and other galaxies revolve around it. In main astronomy, the idea of ​​a metagalactic center was once assumed, but it has been abandoned because on a large scale, the expanding universe has no center of gravity.
Other Mormon authors have speculated that Kolob is Polaris.
Metaphorical interpretation
In addition to Kolob's literal interpretation as a true celestial body, the LDS Church has proposed that Kolob is also "the symbol of Jesus Christ", in like Colob, Jesus "arranged" all the stars and planets similar to Earth.
The metaphorical interpretation shows that Kolob can be interpreted as a metaphor for Jesus. The symbolic interpretation is explained by Hugh Nibley at The Temple and The Cosmos. The proponents of symbolic interpretation believe it is more in tune with other Mormon beliefs and with conviction in the larger Christian community, because it does not require God to have a physical throne in this universe.
According to Mormon author James Ferrell, the metaphorical interpretation is supported by parallel construction of passages in the third chapter of the Book of Abraham:
2 And I saw the stars, that they were very great, and that one of them was nearest to the throne of God; and there are many great men close to him; 3 And the Lord said unto me this is the ruler; and the great name is Kolob, because it is near to me, for I am the LORD your God: I have decreed this to rule all...
After intervening in passages that discuss how some souls are larger than others, just as some stars are larger than others, this theme is repeated in reference to Jesus:
23 And God saw these souls that they were good, and he stood in their midst, and he said: This I will make my ruler; because he stands among those who are the spirits, and he sees that they are good... 24 And there stands one among those who are like God...
Maps Kolob
Analysis and criticism
Origin
Some Mormon scholars have attempted to relate the doctrine of Kolob with ancient astronomy. Wah, Hamblin & amp; Peterson (2006) has attempted to show that this astronomy is more consistent with ancient geocentrism than the 19th century Copernican and Newtonian astronomy, and thus brings about a misunderstanding of ancient astronomy. For example, in their interpretation, Kolob is the supreme and slowest movement of a series of concentric, centered spheres of heaven. These authors believe that Smith, in the nineteenth century, would not make this geocentric "mistake" of Kolob, and therefore, they argue that the Book of Abraham is an ancient origin. John Tvedtnes suggests that "another possible Hebrew etymology is the Hebrew outbreak of 'dogs' originally pronounced as in Arabic.It is used to denote the star Regulus in Arabic while the Syriac language, which also kalb means the star of Sirius, the brightest star in sky. "He also suggested that the use of Hebrew" KLB "as the word" dog "and astronomical terms refer to the universality of Sirius as the" Dog Star ".
According to Fawn Brodie, Smith's idea of ​​Kolob probably stems from the notion of "the throne of God" found in Thomas Dick The Philosophy of a Future State, which Brodie Smith said "recently read" before. dictate the Book of Abraham, and who "made a lasting impression" on him.
Validity of Smith's translation of the Book of Abraham
Modern Egyptian scholars have made an analysis of facsimile, a copy of the original surviving sketches of the Kirtland Egyptian Papers, and with the kind of papyrus chunks that Abraham's place translated and identified as hypocephalus, an object placed in the head of a deceased person.
In popular culture
> If You Can Hie to Kolob "
"If You Can Hie to Kolob" (hie, to accelerate ) is a Latter-day Saint hymn written by early Mormon W. W. Phelps. The music is taken from a famous folk song known as "Dives and Lazarus". It was originally published in 1842 at Times and Seasons and is the number 284 in the current hymn for the LDS Church. The singing only makes a single reference to Kolob, in the first line of the hymn (from which the hymn title is revealed). This is the only hymn in the current LDS Church hymn that mentions Kolob.
The singing reflects a unique doctrine for Mormonism, such as the eternal nature of the spirit (including the human spirit) and matter. It also conveys the doctrines described by Smith, the first Latter-day Saint prophet, about the plurality of gods and eternal progression.
The song was composed by Ralph Vaughan Williams (1906) for English Hymnal and can be found in today's hymns under the name "Kingsfold". The song is also used in other hymns: "O Sing Bethlehem", "I Hear the Voice of Jesus", and "We Sing The Power of Mighty God".
Kolob as inspiration for Kobol at Battlestar Galactica
Some elements of Battlestar Galactica's fictional science-fiction show seem to stem from the Mormon faith of its creator and lead producer, Glen A. Larson. In both the original series from 1978, and the new 2003 series, the Kobol planet is the world of ancient mothers and away from all humanity and the planet where life begins, and "Lords of Kobol" is a sacred figure for mankind.. They are treated as elders or patriarchs in the old series, and the Twelve Olympic version in the new series. "Kobol" is an anagram of "Kolob" and, according to academic Jana Riess, is one of many points plots borrowed by Larson from Mormonism.
Other examples
- Zion National Park has an area known as Kolob Gorges.
- Daniel Steven Crafts has a movement called "The Great Arches of Kolob" in his "Southwest Sinfonia", originally named after the Kolob Canyons in Zion National Park.
- Kolob is the name of a brief record label/production company founded by Osmond Brothers in the 1970s. Released in association with MGM Records (absorbed by Polydor in 1976), the logo consists of the hands of a child holding a clay ball that resembles a planet. The Osmonds also recorded an album titled The Plan , which discusses themes in Mormonism associated with Kolob.
- Kolob is also the name of an alien probe in the children's sci-fi series Star Dogs , broadcast in 1984 in New Zealand.
- In Levi Peterson's The Backslider , released in 1986, the Mormon protagonist, feeling far from God, wonders "how did God feel this morning in Kolob's royal star."
- The Musical Book of Mormon includes a reference to the Kolob planet.
- In Ken Macleod's novel Newton's Wake, a future society rooted in conservative US culture has a slightly altered hymn of "If You Could Hie to Kolob".
See also
- The body of astronomy in pseudosain and paranormal
- Mormon cosmology
Note
References
Further reading
Paul, Erich Robert (1992), "Astronomy, Scripture Reference for", in Ludlow, Daniel H, The Encyclopedia of Mormonism >, New York: Macmillan Publishing, p.Ã, 82, ISBNÃ, 0-02-879602-0, OCLCÃ, 24502140 Ã,External links
- About.com explanation of perceptions about Kolob
- Kolob, astronomy, and the book of Abraham
- Anthony Larson connects cosmology with global mythology and LDS doctrine
- Kolob as Sirius
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments