mobile web refers to a browser-based Internet service accessed from a mobile device, such as a smart phone or feature phone, over a mobile wireless network or otherwise.
Traditionally, the World Wide Web has been accessed through fixed-line services on laptops and desktop computers. However, the web is now more easily accessible by portable and wireless devices. The ITU (International Telecommunication Union) report in early 2010 said that with the current growth rate, web access by people on the go - via laptops and smart mobile devices - is likely to exceed web access from desktop computers in the next five years. As of January 2014, mobile internet usage exceeds desktop usage in the United States. The shift to mobile web access has been accelerated since 2007 with the rise of larger multitouch smartphones, and since 2010 with the advent of multitouch tablet computers. Both platforms provide better Internet access, screens, and mobile browsers, or an app-based user web experience, than previous generations of mobile devices. Web designers can work separately on the page, or pages can be converted automatically, just like on Wikipedia Mobile. Faster speeds, smaller, feature-rich devices, and more apps continue to drive explosive growth for mobile internet traffic. The 2017 Virtual Network (VNI) report generated by Cisco Systems estimates that by 2021, there will be 5.5 billion global mobile users (up from 4.9 billion in 2016). In addition, the same 2017 VNI report estimates that the average access speed will increase by about 3 times from 6.8 Mbit/second to 20 Mbit/s in the same time span of the video consisting of most traffic (78%).
The difference between mobile apps and native apps is anticipated to become even more blurred, as mobile browsers get direct access to mobile device hardware (including accelerometers and GPS chips), and the speed and capability of browser-based apps is increasing. Continuous storage and access to advanced user interface functionality can further reduce the need for native platform-specific application development.
The mobile web has also called Web 3.0, drawing parallels to the changes that users experience when Web 2.0 sites are mushrooming.
Mobile web access is currently experiencing interoperability and usability issues. The interoperability issue comes from the fragmentation of mobile device platforms, mobile operating systems, and browsers. Usability issues center on the small physical size of the mobile form factor (limits on screen resolution and user input/operation). Despite these flaws, many mobile phone developers choose to create apps using mobile web. Research on mobile development in June 2011 found mobile web as the third most used platform, following Android and iOS.
In an article in ACM Communication in April 2013, Web technologist Nicholas C. Zakas notes that the phones used in 2013 are stronger than Apollo 11's 70Ã, lb (32kg) Apollo Guidance Computer used in landings July 1969. However, regardless of their strength, by 2013, mobile devices still suffer web performance with slow connections similar to web development stages in 1996. Mobile devices with slower download/response requests, over- the-air, with "high latency connections, slower CPUs, and less memory" forced developers to rethink web apps made for desktops with "wired, fast CPU, and almost endless connections."
Video Mobile Web
Mobile access
'Mobile Internet' refers to access to the internet through mobile phone service providers. This is a wireless access that can be moved to another radio tower as it moves across the service area. It can refer to mobile devices that stay connected to one tower, but this is not what "mobile" means here. Wi-Fi and other better methods are usually available for users who are not on the go. Mobile base stations are more expensive to provide than wireless base stations that connect directly to internet service providers, rather than through telephone systems.
Mobile phones, such as smartphones, that connect to data or voice services without going through a mobile base station are not available on the mobile Internet. Laptops with broadband modems and cellular service subscriptions, which travel by bus through the city are on mobile Internet.
The mobile broadband modem "connects" the smartphone to one or more computers or other end-user devices to provide access to the Internet through protocols that may be offered by cell phone service providers.
According to BuzzCity, mobile internet increased 30% from Q1 to Q2 2011. The four countries that have ad impressions (?) In total more than 1 billion in a quarter are India, Indonesia, Vietnam, and the United States. As of July 2012, about 10.5% of all web traffic happens via mobile devices (up from 4% in December 2010).
Maps Mobile Web
Mobile Web Standards
Standards improve interoperability, usability, and accessibility of mobile web usage.
Mobile Web Initiative (MWI) was established by the W3C to develop best practices and technologies relevant to mobile web. The goal of this initiative is to make browsing the web from mobile devices more reliable and accessible. The ultimate goal is to develop standard data formats from Internet providers tailored to specific mobile device specifications. The W3C has published guidelines for mobile content, and addressed device diversity issues by building technology to support storage of device descriptions.
The W3C also developed a validation scheme to assess content readiness for mobile webs, through mobileOK Scheme , which will help content developers quickly determine whether their content is web-ready. The W3C Guide and OK mobile approach are not immune from criticism. It places emphasis on adaptation, which is now seen as a key process in reaching the web everywhere, when combined with the device's description repository.
mTLD, the registry for.mobi, has released a free testing tool called MobiReady Report (see mobiForge) to analyze the mobile website's readiness. It does a free page analysis and gives a Mobi Ready score. This report examines mobile site compatibility using industry best practices and standards.
Other standards for the mobile web are documented and explored for specific applications by interested industry groups, such as mobile web usage for educational and training purposes.
Development
The first commercial mobile web access was offered in Finland in late 1996 on the Nokia 9000 Communicator via Sonera and Radiolinja networks. This is access to real internet. The first commercial launch of a mobile browser-based web service was in 1999 in Japan when i-mode was launched by NTT DoCoMo.
Mobile webs primarily use light pages like these written in Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) or Wireless Markup Language (WML) to deliver content to mobile devices. Many new mobile browsers move beyond this limit by supporting a wider variety of Web formats, including HTML variants commonly found on the desktop web.
Top level domain
Upgraded top-level domains.mobi launched specifically for mobile Internet by a consortium of companies including Google, Microsoft, Nokia, Samsung, and Vodafone. By forcing sites to comply with mobile web standards,.mobi tries to ensure visitors get a consistent and optimized experience on their mobile devices. However, this domain has been criticized by several big names, including Tim Berners-Lee of the W3C, which claims that it undermines the independence of web tools:
It is fundamentally useful to quote URIs for some information and then look for the URI in an entirely different context. For example, I might want to find a restaurant on my laptop, mark it, and then, when I just have my phone, check the bookmark to see the night menu. Alternatively, my travel agent can send me pointers to my schedule for business trips. I can see the itinerary from my office on the big screen and want to see the map, or I can see it at the airport from my phone when all I want is the gate number.
Split the Web into information intended for different devices, or different user classes, or different information classes, damaging the Web in a fundamental way.
I urge ICANN not to create a top-level domain ".mobi".
Ads
Advertisers are increasingly using mobile web as a platform to reach consumers. The total value of ads on mobile was $ 2.2 billion in 2007. A recent study by the Online Publishers Association, now called the Next Digital Content (DCN), reports that about one-tenth of the mobile web users say they've made a purchase based on on mobile web ads, while 23% said they had visited the website, 13% said they had asked for more information about the product or service and 11% said they had gone to the store to check the product.
Accelerated Mobile Pages
In the fall of 2015, Google announced it would launch an open source initiative called "Accelerated Mobile Pages" or AMP. The goal of the project is to improve the speed and performance of content rich pages that include videos, animations, and graphics. Since most people now consume web via tablets and smartphones, having a web page optimized for this product is a key requirement of AMP.
The three main types of AMP are AMP HTML, AMP JS, and Google AMP Cache.
Parity Between Accelerated Mobile Pages and Canonical Pages
Latest requirements - starting February 1, 2018 - from Google require that the canonical page content must match the content in Accelerated Mobile Pages. In creating a great user experience - and to avoid trapping user interfaces - it's important to display the same content in Accelerated Mobile Pages as it does with standard canonical pages. It makes the experience of high quality.
Limitations
While "everywhere" Internet access provides many benefits, such as the ability to communicate via email with others and obtain information anywhere, the web, accessed from mobile devices, has many restrictions, which may vary depending on the device. However, newer smartphones overcome some of these restrictions. Some of the problems that may be encountered include:
- Screen size is small - this makes it difficult or impossible to view text and images depending on the standard size of the desktop computer screen.
- Lack of windows - on a desktop computer, the ability to open more than one window at a time allows for multi-tasking and easily returns to the previous page. Historically on the mobile web, only one page can be displayed at a time, and the page can only be viewed in the order it was originally accessed. However, Opera Mini is one that allows the first few windows, and the browser tab has become commonplace but some mobile browsers allow overlapping windows on the screen.
- Navigation - Navigation is a problem for websites that are not optimized for mobile devices due to large content areas, small screen sizes, and no scroll or hoverbox features.
- Lack of JavaScript and cookies - most devices do not support client-side (excluded smartphones) client-side scripts and storage scripts, which are now widely used in most websites to improve the user experience, facilitate data validation inserted by page visitors, etc. This also causes web analytics tools can not uniquely identify visitors using a mobile device.
- Types of pages accessible - many sites that are accessible on the desktop can not be on a mobile device. Many devices can not access pages with secure connections, Flash, or other similar software, PDFs, or video sites, although by 2011, this has changed.
- Speed ​​ - on most mobile devices, service speed is slow, sometimes slower than dial-up Internet access.
- Defaced pages - on many devices, one page as viewed on the desktop is divided into segments, each treated as a separate page. This slows down the navigation.
- Compressed pages - many pages, in their conversion to mobile format, are compressed into a different order from the way they are commonly viewed on desktop computers.
- Message size - many devices have limits on the number of characters that can be sent in an email message.
- Charges - access fees and bandwidth charged by mobile phone networks can be high if there are no fixed costs per month.
- Mobile user location :
- if the ad reaches the phone user at a private location, the user feels more depressed (Banerjee & Dholakia, 2008)
- if the user is abroad, a fixed monthly fee is usually not applicable
- The situation where the ads reach users - when ads reach users in work-related situations they may be considered more disturbing than in recreational situations (Banerjee & Dholakia, 2008)
The inability of mobile web apps to access local capabilities on mobile devices may limit their ability to provide the same features as native apps. OMTP Activity BONDI acts as a catalyst to enable a set of JavaScript APIs that can access local capabilities in a secure way on mobile devices. Reference specifications and implementations have been generated. Security is a key aspect of this provision to protect users from harmful web apps and widgets.
In addition to device limits, there is a limit that users should know about interference caused by this device in other electromagnetic technologies.
The convergence of Internet and phone, in particular has caused hospitals to increase their mobile exclusion zone. A study by Erik van Lieshout and colleagues (Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam) has found that General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) used in modern telephones can affect the engine from a distance of up to 3 meters. The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) signal, which is used in 3G networks, has a smaller exception zone of just a few centimeters. The worst offenders in the hospital are the doctors.
See also
- .mobi
- Apache Mobile Filters
- CTIA - Wireless Associations
- HTML5 on mobile devices
- Japanese mobile culture
- Mobile browser
- Mobile dating
- Mobile publishing
- Responsive web design
- Wireless Application Protocols
References
External links
- Mobilize Scholarship Recipient: using mobile device in scientific research, May 2006.
- Jo Rabin, mTLD Mobile Top Level Domain (dotMobi), Mobile Web Best Practices, November 2, 2006
- Hoschka, Philipp, The W3C Mobile Web Initiative (MWI), W3C, 2005.
- W3C mobile phone manager
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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