The ignition interlock tool or the breathing apparatus of breath alcohol ( IID and BAIID ) is a breathalyzer for individual vehicles. This requires the driver to blow into the funnel on the device before starting the vehicle. If the resulting alcohol-air concentration analysis is greater than the programmed blood alcohol concentration (which varies across countries), the device prevents the engine from starting up. The interlock device is located inside the vehicle, near the driver's seat, and is connected directly to the ignition system of the machine.
An interlock ignition interrupts the signal from ignition to the starter until a valid breath sample is provided that meets the minimum alcohol guidelines in the country. At that point, the vehicle can start as usual. At random moments after the machine has started, the IID will require another breath sample, called a retracting test. The purpose of a revolving retest is to prevent anyone other than the driver providing a breath sample. If the breath sample is not available, or the sample exceeds the initial preset blood alcohol level, the device will record the event, alert the driver, and then turn on the alarm according to state regulations (for example, flashing lights, horn horns) until the ignition is switched off, net has been provided. A common misconception is that the interlock device will only turn off the engine if alcohol is detected; this will, however, create an unsafe driving situation and expose the interlock manufacturer to considerable obligations. The interlock locking device does not have automatic engine shutdown feature.
Video Ignition interlock device
History
The first performance-based interlocks were developed by Borg-Warner Corp. (now BorgWarner, Inc.), in 1969. In 1981, Jeffrey Feit, a student in New Jersey, was placed in a state innovation contest with a primitive schematic of breathalyzer based on an interlock device. in 1983, Hans Doran, a student at Limerick, presented a working prototype at the Young Scientist competition in Dublin. Alcohol sensing devices became standard during the 1980s. They use semiconductor alcohol sensors (not specific). Semiconductor-type (Taguchi) interlocks strongly and obtains a moving field, but does not hold calibration well, is sensitive to altitude variations and reacts positively to non-alcoholic sources. Broader commercialization and adoption of devices is pending while waiting for system improvements to prevent circumvention. In the early 1990s, the industry began to produce "second generation" interlocks with a reliable and accurate fuel cell sensor. All ignition interlocks are currently required to meet National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) standards.
Maps Ignition interlock device
Design
Modern contact-lock devices use special ethanol fuel cells for sensors. The fuel cell sensor is an electrochemical device in which the alcohol undergoes chemical oxidation reactions on the surface of the catalytic electrode (platinum) to produce an electric current. This current is then measured and converted to an equivalent reading of alcohol. Although fuel cell technology is not as accurate or reliable as infrared spectroscopy technology is used in breathalyzer proof, they are cheaper and tend to be more specific to alcohol.
The device keeps a record of activity on the device and the linked electrical system of the vehicle. These recordings, or notes, are printed or downloaded each time the device's sensors are calibrated, generally at 30, 60 or 90 days intervals. Authorities may require periodic review of logs. If a violation is detected, additional sanctions may be applied.
Periodic calibration is carried out by using a pressurized alcohol gas mixture at known alcohol concentrations, or by wet alcohol-containing baths containing a known alcohol solution. Installation, maintenance and calibration fees are generally paid by the offender. On average, the ignition ignition device is about $ 70-150 to be installed and about $ 60-90 per month for monitoring and calibration.
Many countries require ignition ignition keys as a condition for drivers who are proven to be driving under the influence, especially repeat offenders. Most US states now allow judges to order IID installations as test conditions; for repeat offenders, and for first offenders in some states, installation may be mandated by law. Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) has been campaigning for mandatory IID installation for all drivers. Some politicians in Sweden, Japan, Canada, USA, and other countries have called for the device to be installed as standard equipment in all motor vehicles sold.
Adoption
Australia
Interlock devices are used in the states of Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania and New South Wales. Other countries are looking for usefulness.
Austria
The interlock system is being introduced in 2017.
Belgium
The law allowing judges to impose the use of an interlocked device on bona fide drivers is allowed its use from 2010, but by 2016 it is only used in 55 cases. The fee, EUR3,500 to be paid by the driver, is a deterrent to its use. Starting in 2017 the device may be paid from penalties imposed on the driver and otherwise may be mandatory for repeat offenders.
Canada
Several provinces, such as Ontario and Quebec, require that anyone convicted of drunk driving or refuse to give a breath sample, to install the ignition device on any vehicle he owns or operates for a certain period of time (or lifetime). ), depending on the number of prior driving drunk violations.
After so much drunken driving conviction, some provinces, such as Nova Scotia, will impose a lifetime driving ban, without the possibility of a return of licenses. The Ontario Court, however, has the power to impose a lifetime driving ban, with no possibility of recovery, after so many Criminal Laws driving confidence. In such circumstances, ignition locking conditions are not enforced on the person's license.
Dutch
Beginning in December 2011 the Dutch started using an interlock device for offenders who were caught with a blood alcohol level exceeding a certain limit. The process of having more than 5,000 participants was canceled in 2015 due to legal and technical issues.
New Zealand
An alcohol interlock device becomes a punishment option in New Zealand in August 2012. In December 2012, it was reported that the first device was installed.
AS
By 2012, all 50 states have laws enabling the imposition of ignition-interlocking devices as an alternative punishment for drunk drivers. It is estimated that the United States can save 800 lives per year if all convicted liquor drivers are banned from involvement in fatal accidents. The standard device in the United States consists of a funnel attached to a handheld unit and a cable attached to your vehicle's ignition system and runs on battery. You are required to blow into the funnel to test your alcohol level before starting the car. The device must be installed in an authorized service center. The device is sent directly to a qualified service center and is never handled by the customer. The largest provider of ignition interlock devices is SkyFineUSA, Draeger, Smart Start, Guardian, Intoxalock, and LifeSafer.
Alaska
"DUI offenders may be required to get Ignition Interlock Device (IID)."
Arizona
Arizona mandated at least six months for all DUI offenses, even those that did not involve alcohol.
California
If driving on a license is suspended due to DUI conviction, legally the court must enforce ignition ignition system requirements up to a maximum of three years from the date of confidence. On July 1, 2010, interlock is required on DUI confidence in four areas; Los Angeles, Alameda, Sacramento, and Tulare. -AB 91 created a pilot program for selected countries, such as Los Angeles County, which would require all drivers to be punished for DUI offenses to install IID in their vehicles as a condition to receive limited driving privileges. -SB 598 shortens the amount of time certain repeat DUI breakers have to wait before being eligible to apply to restrict California's driving rights. To receive restricted licenses, these drivers must meet certain criteria, such as installing IIDs in their vehicles.
Georgia
After a second DUI belief in a 5 year period, the violator's license was terminated for no less than 18 months. See O.C.G.A. 40-5-63 (a) (2). During the first 120 days of an 18-month suspension, the offender has no limited driving rights. See 40-5-64 (a) (2). After a violent 120 day suspension, violators may apply for a 12-month interlock clearance, subject to the approval of an accountability court or proof of registration in a country's substance abuse care program. O.C.G.A. 40-5-64 (a) (2). During the last two months of an 18-month suspension, the driver in question may have interlock restrictions removed from their limited permissions. O.C.G.A. 40-5-64 (e) (2). Court punishment may override interlock terms in case of financial difficulties, but violators still have to undergo a 12 month period set to adhere under a hard suspension. See O.C.G.A. 42-8-111.
Massachusetts
Beginning January 1, 2006, drivers who have a second or subsequent operation under the influence of a breach and qualify for a difficulty license or for restoration of a license shall have an attached lock device installed on their motor vehicle, at their own expense.
New Mexico
Ignition torch is required for at least one year for all DWI first offenders; the next violation requires a longer installation period. Additionally, if your license has been revoked for failure to apply for an alcohol test, you may recover your driving privilege if you attach the ignition key.
New York
Don Prudente from DriveSafe Ignition Interlock from New York, Inc. states that as of August 15, 2010, the state of New York requires a person convicted of Driving Although drinking has a lock device installed for at least 6 months on every vehicle they own or operate. , and drivers have "ignition interlock" restrictions added to their SIM. This was mandated to honor Leandra Rosado who died driving a vehicle driven by a drunk driver.
North Carolina
Driving Confidence Although Disorders with blood alcohol concentrations of 0.15 or more or other beliefs in the last seven years will require a contact lock device to be mounted on the vehicle.
Utah
Effective July 2, 2009, anyone convicted of DUI, whether it is a first offense or subsequent offense, will be required to have an ignition ignition device placed in their car - for 18 months for a first offense.
Virginia
Effective July 1, 2012, anyone convicted of a DUI may drive only with the ignition key after the first infringement, as a condition of a restricted license and must have ignition keys installed in each vehicle owned or registered to it after a second infringement for a period of six months. The bill also states that courts may authorize licenses that are restricted to travel to and from the interlock installer and one can pre-qualify for key contact before confidence.
Washington
I first produced a one-year mandatory interlock ignition device. The second belief requires that the IID be installed for at least five years, and on a third or greater offense, the terms are at least ten years old. Some ignorance beliefs that careless neglect or driving can require a convict to use an IID for a period of six months or longer.
See also
- Immobilizer
References
External links
- European Driving Safety Council
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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