Rectal discharge

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Rectal discharge is an intermittent or continuous fluid expression of the anus (per rectum). Normal anal mucus is required for proper waste excretion. Otherwise, this is closely related to the type of fecal incontinence (eg leakage of the faeces) but the term rectum does not necessarily mean incontinence rate. The type of fecal incontinence that produces leakage of fluid can be thought of as a rectal type.

Video Rectal discharge

Type

Different types of discharge are described. Generally "rectal discharge" refers to mucus or purulent discharge, but, depending on the definition of rectum used, the following may be included:

• Pure anal disposal
• Mucosal discharge
• Discharge of anal fluid
• Steatorrhoea ("fatty diarrhea" caused by excess fat in the stool, or oily anal leak)
• Keriorrhea (an orange oily oil leak caused by high levels of eskimo and fish oil in the diet)
• Rectal bleeding, melena and hematochezia
• Removal of rectal fluid (faecal rectal fluid), eg leakage of faeces, encopresis and incontinence of the liquid feses element
• Diarrhea

Maps Rectal discharge

Symptoms

There are many different types of rectum, but the most common presentation is the removal of mucus or pus around the normal bowel movement.

Rectal discharge has many causes, and may present with other symptoms:

• Staining underwear
• A constant damp feeling around the anus
• Often pushes to open the intestines, but passes only a small amount of mucus or fluid like a pussy instead of the usual dirt
• Rectal pain
• Malodor rectum, when the discharge of foul-smelling fluid, eg. associated with certain infections
• Pruritus ani
• Rectal bleeding
• Perianal erythema, swelling and tenderness

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Purulent discharge (suppurative discharge)

Pus usually shows an infection. Medical sources often do not distinguish between the two types of discharge, instead of using the general term of mucopurulent discharge, which, strictly speaking, should only be used to refer to discharge containing mucus and pus. Pure stool may be blood-streaked.

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Mucus coats the wall of the large intestine in health, serves as a protective barrier and also helps the peristaltic by lubricating the stool. Mucus mucus can be thought of in three broad categories:

• Normally produced physiologic mucus
• Contains physiologically-produced mucus incorrectly (eg in the presence of sphincter defects, or lesions that prevent normal sphincter closure, permitting seepage or fouling)
• Mucus is produced in pathological amounts (eg from lesions, or common coloproctitis or due to bacterial overgrowth)

Mucosal rectal dew may be blood streaked. With some conditions, blood can mingle homogeneously with mucus, creating pink goo. This example may be the so-called "red jelly currant" in the intussusception. This appearance refers to a mixture of mucosa, mucus, and blood peeling.

Note : "mucus" is a noun, used to name the substance itself, and "mucus" is an adjective, used to describe the release. "Mucoid" is also an adjective and means mucus. "Mucinous" expressly refers to something that has mastic-like attributes, but is often used interchangeably with the word "mucus" (because mucus usually contains a high percentage of mucin).

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Differential diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of the rectum is extensive, but the common aetiological theme is infection and inflammation. Some lesions may cause discharge by mechanically interfering, or preventing complete closure of the anal canal. These types of lesions may not cause intrinsic discharges, but allow transit of liquid and mucilage components.

• Common causes include : hemorrhoids, proctitis, fissure ani, rectal prolapse, perianal warts (anal condyloma acuminatum),
• Less common causes include : colorectal colorectal, irritable bowel syndrome, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, anal fistula, villous adenoma, poor anal hygiene
• Rare causes include : sexually transmitted diseases (eg syphilis, rectal gonorrhea, chlamydia), anal carcinoma, AIDS, rectal foreign matter, intestinal obstruction, rectocele, enterokel, ulcerative colitis, bacterial colitis syphilytic colitis), anal/perianal tuberculosis, perianal abscess (when ruptured).

Perianal Crohn's disease is associated with the formation of fistula, fissuring and perianal abscesses.

After colostomy, the distal portion of the intestine continues to produce mucus despite the transfer of the stool, often leading to the release of mucus.

Occasionally, intestinal parasite infections may present with discharge, for example a whipworm.

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Perianal disposal

Some pathologies may present with perianal discharge. Although not exactly the same as the rectum, perianal release may be misconstrued as such, given the proximity of anatomy.

Fistulas that flow into the perianal region, as well as pilonidal diseases, are the main entities falling under this category. Perianal tumors can also come out when fungate, or become cystic or necrotic.

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Cause

Anal warts (condylomata akuminata).

Proctitis

Proctitis is inflammation of the anal canal and the distal portion of 15 cm (6 inches) of the rectum.

Proctitis has many causes, such as infection or sexual intercourse.

Proctitis of tuberculosis can cause mucus discharge.

Infection

Anal warts (condyloma acuminatum, anogenital warts)

Anal warts are irregular and verucous lesions caused by human papilloma virus. Anal warts are usually transmitted through unprotected and anoretic sex. Anal warts can be asymptomatic, or may cause rectum, anal wet, rectal bleeding, and pruritus ani. Lesions can also occur inside the anus, where they are more likely to create symptoms.

Chlamydia

Bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis can cause 2 conditions in humans; namely trachoma and lymphogranuloma venereum. Trachoma can cause asymptomatic proctitis, but symptoms of lymphogranuloma venereum are usually more severe, including pruritus ani, purulent rectum, hematochezia rectal pain and diarrhea or constipation. Lymphogranuloma venereum may cause anorectal fistulas, strictures and abscesses if left untreated. Therefore, it can be confusing with Crohn's disease.

Rectal gonore

Rectal gonorrhea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (also Neisseria meninigitidis ). This condition is usually asymptomatic, but symptoms may include rectal fluid (which may be creamy, purulent or bleeding), pruritus ani, tenesmus, and possibly constipation. When symptomatic, it usually appears 5-7 days post exposure. Debit is the most common symptom, and usually the consistency of brown mucopurulent.

Syphilis

Anorectal syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum and contracted through an anoreceptive relationship. Symptoms are usually minimal, but mucus mucus, hemorrhage, and tenesmus may be present.

Anorectal fistula

Ileocolic Actinomycosis

Non-infectious inflammation

Colitis ulcerativa

Diversion colitis

When the flow of the stool is transferred as part of the colostomy, a condition called colitis diversion may develop in the intestine that is no longer in contact with the stool. The mucosal layer is maintained by short chain fatty acids, which are produced as a result of bacterial fermentation in the gut. Lack of long-term exposure to these nutrients can cause colitis (colitis). Symptoms include rectal bleeding, mucus mucus, tenesmus, and abdominal pain.

Volvulus

Colonic ulcer

Functional

Mucosal prolapse syndrome

solitary anal ulcer syndrome Cystic deep colitis Internal intussusception Mucosal prolapse Rectal prolapse

Irritated bowel syndrome

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis

Pruritus ani

Malignancy

Anal carcinoma

Anal carcinoma is much more common than colorectal cancer. The most common form is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma and melanoma. SCC usually occurs in the anal canal, and more rarely on the anal edge. SCC anal margin appears as a lesion with rolled edge, evert, and central ulcer. Symptoms include painful lumps, bleeding, pruritus ani, tenesmus, fluid discharge or possibly fecal incontinence. SSC in the anal canal most often causes bleeding, but it can also cause anal pain, lumps, pruritus ani, discharge, tenesmus, changes in bowel habits and faecal incontinence. Because these symptoms are very nonspecific, and since the symptoms of anal carcinoma may not always be typical, this can lead to late diagnosis.

Rare neoplasms on this site that can cause spikes include Paget's disease (which may be a type of adenocarcinoma) and verukosa carcinoma.

Colorectal cancer

Pelvic sepsis

Orlistat

Hemorrhoids

Cryotherapy

Colorectal polyp

Adenomas are the most common colorectal polyps. Adenomas are not malignant, but rarely adenocarcinomas can develop from them. Large adenomas can cause rectal bleeding, mucus mucus, tenesmus, and urgency sensations. The production of mucus may be so large that it can cause electrolyte disorders in the blood.

Teen polyps

(Hamartomas)

Familial adenomatous polyposis

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See also

• Rectal bleeding
• Colitis
• Proctitis

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References

Source of the article : Wikipedia