Desktop virtualization is a software technology that separates the desktop environment and associated application software from the physical client device used to access it.
Desktop virtualization can be used in conjunction with application virtualization and user profile management system, now called "user virtualization," to provide a comprehensive desktop management system environment. In this mode, all desktop components are virtualized, allowing a very flexible and much more secure desktop delivery model. In addition, this approach supports a more complete desktop disaster recovery strategy because all components are essentially stored in the data center and backed up through traditional overkill systems. If the user's device or hardware is lost, the recovery is easy and simple, since the component will be present when signing in from another device. Additionally, since no data is stored to the user's device, if the device is lost, there is less chance that important data can be retrieved and compromised.
Video Desktop virtualization
Arsitektur sistem
Implementation of desktop virtualization is classified based on whether virtual desktops run remotely or locally, on whether access is required constant or designed to falter, and whether virtual desktops persist between sessions. Typically, software products that deliver desktop virtualization solutions can combine local and remote implementations into a single product to provide the most appropriate support specific to the requirements. The degree of independent function of the client device is of course interdependent with the server location and access strategy. And virtualization is not strictly required for remote controllers. Virtualization is used to present independent instances to multiple users and requires strategic segmentation of the host server and presentation across multiple layers of host architecture. The activation layer - usually application software - is called a hypervisor. (Summarize from.)
Remote desktop virtualization
Implementation of remote desktop virtualization operates in client/server computing environments. Application execution occurs on remote operating systems that communicate with local client devices over the network using a remote display protocol in which the user interacts with the application. All applications and data used remain on the remote system only with screen, keyboard, and mouse information communicated with local client devices, which can be conventional PCs/laptops, thin client devices, tablets, or even smartphones. The general implementation of this approach involves hosting multiple instances of desktop operating systems on a server hardware platform running hypervisor. This is a derivative of the previous Multiwin Engine developed by Citrix under license from Microsoft. The latest iteration is usually referred to as "Virtual Desktop Infrastructure", or "VDI". (Note that "VDI" is often used incorrectly to refer to any desktop virtualization implementation.). Forrester Research identifies in its Forrester Wave report on Server-Hosted Virtual Desktops (VDI), Q3 2015 the seven most significant software providers: Citrix (XenDesktop), Dell (Quest - EOL), LISTEQ, Microsoft (Hyper-V), Nimboxx (VERDE - now part of NComputing), Oracle (VirtualBox), and VMware (Horizon View).
Remote desktop virtualization is often used in the following scenarios:
- in a distributed environment with high availability requirements and unskilled side-by-side technical support, such as branch offices and retail environments.
- in environments where high network latency decreases the performance of conventional client/server applications
- in environments where remote access and data security requirements create conflicting requirements that can be overcome by maintaining all (app) data within the data center - only with screen, keyboard, and mouse information communicated with remote clients.
It is also used as a means to provide access to Windows applications on non-Windows endpoints (including tablets, smartphones, and non-Windows desktop and laptop PCs).
Remote desktop virtualization can also provide a resource sharing tool, to distribute cheap desktop computing services in an environment where providing every user with a dedicated desktop PC is too expensive or unnecessary.
For IT administrators, this means a more centralized and efficient client environment that is more manageable and able to respond more quickly to changing user and business needs.
presentation virtualization
Remote Desktop Services (formerly called "Terminal Services") is a server-based virtualization/presentation component of Microsoft Windows that allows users to access applications and data on remote computers over a network using a remote-display protocol called RDP. Another example of presentation virtualization is Citrix XenApp. The VDI service provides examples of individual desktop operating systems (eg, Windows XP, 7, 8.1, 10, etc.) for each user, while Remote Desktop Services sessions run on a single shared server operating system (eg Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012 , etc.). Both session and virtual machine collections support full desktop based sessions and RemoteApp deployments.
The use of a single shared server operating system instead of each instance of the desktop operating system consumes far less resources than the same number of VDI sessions. At the same time, VDI licenses are more expensive and less flexible than equivalent Remote Desktop Service licenses. Together, these factors can be combined to make remote desktop virtualization from Remote Desktop Services more interesting than VDI.
VDI implementation allows delivery of personalized workspaces back to the user, which retains all user customizations. There are several methods to achieve this.
Application virtualization
Application virtualization enhances the delivery and application compatibility by encapsulating them from the underlying operating system where they are executed. A fully virtualized app is not installed on hardware in the traditional sense. Instead, the hypervisor layer intercepts the application, which at runtime acts as if it interacts with the original operating system and all the resources managed by it when in fact it is not. Examples of enterprise application virtualization software include Citrix XenApp, Microsoft App-V, Turbo, VMware ThinApp, and Systancia AppliDis. Liquidware offers a slightly different approach to application virtualization with its FlexApp product in the ProfileUnity solution. FlexApp does not virtualize the app. Instead, it's an application layer at boot time, after login, as a hot add during user sessions, or user requests with Click-to-Layer technology.
User virtualization
User virtualization separates all aspects of software that define the user's personality on the device of the operating system and applications to be managed independently and applied to the desktop as needed without the need for scripting, group policy, or the use of roaming profiles. The term "user virtualization" sounds misleading; this technology is not limited to virtual desktops. User virtualization can be used regardless of platform - physical, virtual, cloud, etc. The major desktop virtualization platform vendors, Citrix, Microsoft, and VMware all offer the form of basic user virtualization on their platforms.
Layering
Desktop layering is a desktop virtualization method that splits disk images into logical sections to be managed individually. For example, if all members of a user group use the same OS, then the core OS only needs to be reserved once for all environments that share this layer. Layering can be applied to local physical disk images, client-based virtual machines, or host-based desktops. The Windows operating system is not designed for layering, therefore each vendor must manipulate their own proprietary solutions.
Desktop as a service
Remote desktop virtualization can also be provided through cloud computing similar to that provided by using the software as a service model. This approach is commonly referred to as Virtual Desktop Cloud Hosted. Cloud Hosted Virtual Desktops are divided into two technologies: (1) Managed VDI, based on VDI technology provided as a managed service that is outsourced, and (2) Desktop-as-a-Service (DaaS), which provides a higher level of automation and real multi-rental, reducing technology costs. DaaS providers are generally responsible for hosting and maintaining computers, storage, and access infrastructure, as well as the application and licensing of application software required to provide desktop services in exchange for a fixed monthly fee. For example, VMware's Horizon DaaS, based on VMware's acquisition of Desktone, is a monthly fixed rate for DaaS services, such as Amazon WorkSpaces on Amazon EC2.
Cloud-hosted virtual desktops can be implemented using VDI Services and Remote Desktop Services based systems and can be made available through public cloud, private cloud infrastructure and cloud hybrid platforms. Private cloud implementation is often referred to as "Managed VDI". Public Cloud Offerings tend to be based on Desktop-as-a-Service technology.
Desktone The US company, acquired by VMware in October 2013, owns a trademark on the expression "desktop as a service" and "DaaS" from the US Patent and Trademark Office.
Local desktop virtualization
Local desktop virtualization implementations run desktop environments on client devices using virtualization or hardware emulation. For hardware virtualization, depending on the application of both type I and Type II hypervisors can be used.
Local desktop virtualization is ideal for environments where continuous network connectivity can not be assumed and where application resource requirements can be better met by using local system resources. However, local desktop virtualization implementations do not always allow applications developed for one system architecture to run on another. For example, it is possible to use local desktop virtualization to run Windows 7 on OS X on Intel-based Apple Macs, using hypervisors such as VirtualBox, Parallels Desktop for Mac, or VMware Fusion, since they both use the same x86. architecture, and it's possible to run Windows on a PowerPC-based Mac using Virtual PC.
Maps Desktop virtualization
References
Further reading
- Paul Venezia (April 13, 2011) Virtualization shoot: Citrix, Microsoft, Red Hat, and VMware. The leading server virtualization competitors handle InfoWorld's ultimate virtualization challenge, InfoWorld
- Keith Schultz (14 December 2011) VDI shoot: Citrix XenDesktop vs VMware View. Citrix XenDesktop 5.5 and VMware View 5 compete for the most flexible, scalable, and complete virtual desktop infrastructure, InfoWorld
- Keith Schultz (December 14, 2011) VDI shootout: HDX vs. PCoIP. The difference between the Citrix and VMware remote desktop protocols is more than just skin, InfoWorld
External links
- xrdp open source Server Remote Desktop Protocol xrdp
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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