The world religions have a different relationship with alcohol. Many religions prohibit the consumption of alcohol or see it as sin or negative. Others have allocated a special place for it, as in the Christian practice of using wine during the Eucharistic ceremony.
Video Religion and alcohol
Christianity
Christian views on alcohol vary. During the 1800 years of Church history, Christians commonly consume alcoholic beverages as a common part of everyday life and use "grapes" in their main rite - the Eucharist or the Lord's Supper. They argue that both the Bible and the Christian tradition teach that alcohol is a gift from God that makes life more enjoyable, but the excessive pleasure that leads to intoxication is a sin or at least a lie.
In the mid-nineteenth century, some Protestant Christians moved from positions that permit moderate use of alcohol (sometimes called moderationism) to decide that not obscure is the wisest of the present circumstances ( abstensionism ) or forbid all ordinary alcohol consumption because it is believed to be a sin ( prohibition ). Many Protestant churches, especially the Methodists and Evangelicals, supported abstentionism and became early leaders in the 19th and 20th century simplicity movements. Today, these three positions exist in Christianity, but historical positions remain the most common throughout the world, due to adherence by the largest Christian bodies, namely Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism, and Eastern Orthodoxy.
In the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, the Eucharistic wine becomes the Blood of Jesus Christ through transubstantiation. In Lutheran theology, the essence of wine is the blood of Christ, but the substance remains in the form of wine. In other Protestant denominations, wine is a symbol of Christ's blood. Monastic communities like Trappist have made beer and made wine.
Maps Religion and alcohol
Indian Religions
Buddhists usually avoid consuming alcohol, referring to the intoxicating type of fermented beverage), for violating 5 of the Five Precepts, the basic Buddhist ethical code and can distract attention and hinder one's progress on the Noble Eightfold Path.
In Hinduism, wine as medicine is documented in the ancient Indian Ayurvedic healing system. Aritya and Asava are fermented juices, and herbs. Ayurveda, the oldest documented treatment system, does not recommend wine for everyone. Wine is a powerful healer for certain health conditions, on the other hand drinking wine without getting a pulse diagnosis done by an Ayurvedic doctor, can work in other ways. For example, wine is recommended in certain amounts for body type kapha .
Jainism is strictly against alcohol. Jainism, which teaches nonviolence and vegetarianism, does not allow alcoholic beverages because their fermentation relies on non-vegetarian alcoholic microorganisms.
The initiated sikhs can not use liquor, in which alcohol is one.
Islam
There is a consensus among theologians that the word khamr , which means "liquor", refers to alcohol and all similar beverages causing drunkenness, and that alcohol consumption is forbidden by Islam because it weakens the conscience of the person believe. However, this does not prevent the population of Muslim-majority countries from producing alcoholic drinks such as shelves? in Turkey, munitions in Albania and Bosnia, boukha in Tunisia, beer in Egypt and in Morocco, or wine in Algeria, in Morocco, and in Tunisia.
In the Qur'an, liquor, which is all kinds of alcoholic beverages, variously referred to as incentives from Satan, as well as a warning note of their adverse effects on human attitudes in several verses:
Believers, really, intoxicating, gambling, [sacrificing at] stone altars [other than God], and predicting arrows are only contamination of Satan's work, so avoid that you may succeed.
Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through liquor and gambling and to avoid you from remembering God and from prayer. So, are you not going to stop?
Another verse recognizes the small benefits of wine but notes that the danger is much greater.
They asked about wine and gambling. Say, In it there is a great sin and [yet, partly] useful to people. But their sin is greater than their profit. "And they ask what they have to say. Say," Excess [beyond the need]. Thus God explains to you the verses [revelations] that you may give thought to.
And from the fruit of palm trees and grapes, you take a heady and good supply. Indeed it is a sign for a reasonable person.
The Qur'an states that one of the pleasures of heaven for the righteous is a wine that is not intoxicating as a promise by God.
What is the description of Firdaus, promised by the righteous, where are the unchanging rivers of water, the rivers of milk that tastes never change, the tasty wine streams for those who drink, and the purified honey rivers , where they will have all the fruits and forgiveness of their Lord, like [those] who remain in the Fire and are given a drink of hot water that will cut their intestines?
During the time of Muhammad
At the beginning of Islam, even during the first battle, Muslims may drink alcohol. The alcohol ban came many years after Muhammad started his mission.
It is documented in the Sunni Hadith (the words and traditions of Muhammad). J? Bir ibn Abd Allah (?????? ??????) was told: "Some people drank alcohol in the morning [from day of battle] Uhud and on the same day they were killed as martyrs, and that before wine is forbidden. "'Anas ibn M? Lik (?????? ?????) narrated that people say: "... some people [Muslims] were killed [in Battle of Uhud] while wine was in their stomach. '[...] Allah says: 'It is not for those who believe and do whatsoever blame for what they have eaten [in the past] if they fear God and believe and do righteous deeds...' "[sura 5:93]
Some scholars and writers, such as Gerald Drissner, suggest that the fact that Muslims are aware (and their enemies may be drunk) brings advantage in combat. This could be the reason why Muslims - even though most of the time lost - go so fast and defeat the enemy (Mecca) relatively easily.
Judaism
Judaism deals with the consumption of alcohol, especially wine, in a complicated way. Wine is seen as imported substance and included in religious ceremonies, and the consumption of alcoholic beverages is generally permitted, but inebriation is not recommended.
The approach to this compound of wine can be seen in the verse in Psalm 104: 15, "Wine glorifies the hearts of men," replying to the verses in Proverbs 20: 1, "Wine is a scoffer, liquor is riotous; and whoever stumbles in it not wise, "and Proverbs 23:20," Do not be a drunkard or among the vile eaters of greed. "
Bible
The biblical narrative records the positive and negative aspects of wine. Wine is an important and imported drink, used in ceremonies, for example, celebrating Abraham's military victory and Lot's successful liberation, banquets, and offerings consisting of sacrificial ceremonies.
In Genesis 9: 20-27, Noah got drunk with his wine as he came out of the ark and lay naked in his tent where his youngest son Ham found Noah asleep, and "looked at his nakedness." Noah became aware of this the next day and cursed Ham. In Genesis 19: 31-37, after the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Lot's daughters gave him a wine that led to his drunkenness, and then lay with him. Moab and Amon (and the resulting biblical nations) were born to Lot incest with his daughters. The religious worship in the Temple must be empty of the consumption of alcohol or wine, because the priests are advised, "Do not drink wine or liquor... when you enter the tabernacle of trial, lest you die."
In Jewish Law
Jewish law mandates the use of wine in various religious ceremonies (such as keeping the Sabbath and the Feast with wine at their beginning and end, and during circumcision and marriage ceremonies). Drinks required as "wine" by Jewish law generally allow the use of non-alcoholic wine extraction (grape juice) for all ceremonies that require wine with the exception of the sacrificial ceremony that requires wine in the Temple.
Excessive consumption and intoxication, but not recommended. According to the thirteenth-century Orchot Chaim, as quoted in Beit Yosef, "inebriation is completely forbidden and no sin is greater than a hangover" and that is "the cause of many sins".
A Nazir voluntarily takes an oath whereby he abstains from wine or any of their by-products (including wine), he refrains from cutting hair on his head, and he may not become impure ritually by contact with corpses or graves. While one motivation to become a Nazir may be a reaction to the "risky behavior" associated with alcohol abuse (Tractate Sotah, BT 2a), the term Nazyte vows is usually a fixed term with wine and wine again allowed in the end. of the term. Rabbinic literature shows an ambivalent relationship with a Nazir; while the Bible describes the Nazirite as its own sanctification by its oath and thus becomes "holy to God", the Babylonian Talmud admonished the Nazirs who adopted this extreme oath that forbade himself the things permitted by law.
Contemporary Jewish Society
Anecdotal evidence supports that the Jewish community, as a whole, sees alcohol consumption as more negative than Protestant Christians. Small samples of Jews view alcohol as destructive while Protestant samples call it "relaxed". The rise of "kiddush clubs" in some synagogues, and institutional reactions to proliferation, however, can give an indication of the increasing awareness of the problem of alcohol abuse in the Jewish community. A number of specialized Jewish non-profit dependency rehabilitation and education programs, such as the Chabad Housing Care Center in Los Angeles and Retorno in Israel, provide treatment for alcohol abuse (and other substances) within the Jewish special framework for recovery. Nonprofit Jewish institutions are equipped by non-profit rehab centers with Jewish focus.
Other religions
In Ancient Egyptian religion, beer and wine were drunk and dedicated to the gods in rituals and festivals. Beer and wine are also stored with mummified corpses at Egyptian cemeteries. Other ancient religious practices such as Chinese ancestor worship, Sumerian and Babylonian religions use alcohol as an offering to gods and deceased. The culture of Mesopotamia has various wine gods and the Chinese imperial decree (c 1.116 BC) states that drinking alcohol in moderation is determined by Heaven.
In the ancient world of Mediterranean, the Cult of Dionysus and the Orphic mysteries used wine as part of their religious practice. During Dionysian festivals and rituals, wine is drunk to reach a state of joy along with music and dance. The intoxication of alcohol is seen as a state of possession by the spirit of the wine god Dionysus. The religious drinking festival called Bacchanalia is very popular in Italy and is associated with the gods Bacchus and Liber. This Dionysian rite is often forbidden by the Roman Senate.
In Norse religion, drinking ales and meads is important in several seasonal religious festivals such as Yule and Midsummer as well as more general celebrations such as waking, baptism, and sacrificial rituals called BlÃÆ'³ts. Neopagan and Wiccan religions also allow the use of alcohol for ritual purposes as well as for recreation.
Sake is often consumed as part of Shinto purification rituals. Sake served to the god as an offering before drinking is called Omiki or Miki (???, ??). People drank Omiki with the gods to communicate with them and collect rich crops the following year.
In Voodoo Haiti's belief, alcoholic beverages such as rum are consumed to enable a spirit called "lwa" to enter a person's body and help them find the motivation or strength to survive in the struggle or daily life.
Both the religion of Pig and BahÃÆ'¡'ÃÆ' prohibit alcohol.
Health
Research has been conducted by social scientists and epidemiologists to see if there is a potential relationship between religiosity and alcoholism.
See also
- Dionysus
- Kosher Wine
- Noah wine
- Religion and medicine
- Sacramental wine
- Trappist beer
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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